class StringScanner - Documentation for Ruby 4.0
Description: class StringScanner: docs. ruby-lang.
Keywords: ruby,class,StringScanner

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# class StringScanner

Class `StringScanner` supports processing a stored string as a stream; this code creates a new `StringScanner` object with string `'foobarbaz'`:

    require 'strscan'
    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')

## About the Examples

All examples here assume that `StringScanner` has been required:

    require 'strscan'

Some examples here assume that these constants are defined:

    MULTILINE_TEXT = <<~EOT
    Go placidly amid the noise and haste,
    and remember what peace there may be in silence.
    EOT

    HIRAGANA_TEXT = 'こんにちは'

    ENGLISH_TEXT = 'Hello'

Some examples here assume that certain helper methods are defined:

- `put_situation(scanner)`: Displays the values of the scanner’s methods `pos`, `charpos`, `rest`, and `rest_size`.

- `put_match_values(scanner)`: Displays the scanner’s match values.

- `match_values_cleared?(scanner)`: Returns whether the scanner’s match values are cleared.

See examples at helper methods.

## The `StringScanner` Object

This code creates a `StringScanner` object (we’ll call it simply a scanner), and shows some of its basic properties:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.string # => "foobarbaz"
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "foobarbaz"
    #   rest_size: 9

The scanner has:

- A stored string, which is:

  - Initially set by `StringScanner.new(string)` to the given `string` (`'foobarbaz'` in the example above).

  - Modifiable by methods `string=(new_string)` and `concat(more_string)`.

  - Returned by method `string`.

  More at Stored String below.

- A position; a zero-based index into the bytes of the stored string (not into its characters):

  - Initially set by `StringScanner.new` to `0`.

  - Returned by method `pos`.

  - Modifiable explicitly by methods `reset`, `terminate`, and `pos=(new_pos)`.

  - Modifiable implicitly (various traversing methods, among others).

  More at Byte Position below.

- A target substring, which is a trailing substring of the stored string; it extends from the current position to the end of the stored string:

  - Initially set by `StringScanner.new(string)` to the given `string` (`'foobarbaz'` in the example above).

  - Returned by method `rest`.

  - Modified by any modification to either the stored string or the position.

  Most importantly: the searching and traversing methods operate on the target substring, which may be (and often is) less than the entire stored string.

  More at Target Substring below.

## Stored String

The stored string is the string stored in the `StringScanner` object.

Each of these methods sets, modifies, or returns the stored string:

Method | Effect
--- | ---
`::new(string)` | Creates a new scanner for the given string.
`string=(new_string)` | Replaces the existing stored string.
`concat(more_string)` | Appends a string to the existing stored string.
`string` | Returns the stored string.

## Positions

A `StringScanner` object maintains a zero-based byte position and a zero-based character position.

Each of these methods explicitly sets positions:

Method | Effect
--- | ---
`reset` | Sets both positions to zero (beginning of stored string).
`terminate` | Sets both positions to the end of the stored string.
`pos=(new_byte_position)` | Sets byte position; adjusts character position.

### Byte Position (Position)

The byte position (or simply position) is a zero-based index into the bytes in the scanner’s stored string; for a new `StringScanner` object, the byte position is zero.

When the byte position is:

- Zero (at the beginning), the target substring is the entire stored string.

- Equal to the size of the stored string (at the end), the target substring is the empty string `''`.

To get or set the byte position:

- `pos`: returns the byte position.

- `pos=(new_pos)`: sets the byte position.

Many methods use the byte position as the basis for finding matches; many others set, increment, or decrement the byte position:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobar')
    scanner.pos # => 0
    scanner.scan(/foo/) # => "foo" # Match found.
    scanner.pos         # => 3     # Byte position incremented.
    scanner.scan(/foo/) # => nil   # Match not found.
    scanner.pos # => 3             # Byte position not changed.

Some methods implicitly modify the byte position; see:

- Setting the Target Substring.

- Traversing the Target Substring.

The values of these methods are derived directly from the values of `pos` and `string`:

- `charpos`: the character position.

- `rest`: the target substring.

- `rest_size`: `rest.size`.

### Character Position

The character position is a zero-based index into the characters in the stored string; for a new `StringScanner` object, the character position is zero.

Method `charpos` returns the character position; its value may not be reset explicitly.

Some methods change (increment or reset) the character position; see:

- Setting the Target Substring.

- Traversing the Target Substring.

Example (string includes multi-byte characters):

    scanner = StringScanner.new(ENGLISH_TEXT) # Five 1-byte characters.
    scanner.concat(HIRAGANA_TEXT)             # Five 3-byte characters
    scanner.string # => "Helloこんにちは"       # Twenty bytes in all.
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "Helloこんにちは"
    #   rest_size: 20
    scanner.scan(/Hello/) # => "Hello" # Five 1-byte characters.
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       5
    #   charpos:   5
    #   rest:      "こんにちは"
    #   rest_size: 15
    scanner.getch         # => "こ"    # One 3-byte character.
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       8
    #   charpos:   6
    #   rest:      "んにちは"
    #   rest_size: 12

## Target Substring

The target substring is the part of the stored string that extends from the current byte position to the end of the stored string; it is always either:

- The entire stored string (byte position is zero).

- A trailing substring of the stored string (byte position positive).

The target substring is returned by method `rest`, and its size is returned by method `rest_size`.

Examples:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "foobarbaz"
    #   rest_size: 9
    scanner.pos = 3
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "barbaz"
    #   rest_size: 6
    scanner.pos = 9
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       9
    #   charpos:   9
    #   rest:      ""
    #   rest_size: 0

### Setting the Target Substring

The target substring is set whenever:

- The stored string is set (position reset to zero; target substring set to stored string).

- The byte position is set (target substring adjusted accordingly).

### Querying the Target Substring

This table summarizes (details and examples at the links):

Method | Returns
--- | ---
`rest` | Target substring.
`rest_size` | Size (bytes) of target substring.

### Searching the Target Substring

A search method examines the target substring, but does not advance the positions or (by implication) shorten the target substring.

This table summarizes (details and examples at the links):

Method | Returns | Sets Match Values?
--- | --- | ---
`check(pattern)` | Matched leading substring or `nil`. | Yes.
`check_until(pattern)` | Matched substring (anywhere) or `nil`. | Yes.
`exist?(pattern)` | Matched substring (anywhere) end index. | Yes.
`match?(pattern)` | Size of matched leading substring or `nil`. | Yes.
`peek(size)` | Leading substring of given length (bytes). | No.
`peek_byte` | `Integer` leading byte or `nil`. | No.
`rest` | Target substring (from byte position to end). | No.

### Traversing the Target Substring

A traversal method examines the target substring, and, if successful:

- Advances the positions.

- Shortens the target substring.

This table summarizes (details and examples at links):

Method | Returns | Sets Match Values?
--- | --- | ---
`get_byte` | Leading byte or `nil`. | No.
`getch` | Leading character or `nil`. | No.
`scan(pattern)` | Matched leading substring or `nil`. | Yes.
`scan_byte` | `Integer` leading byte or `nil`. | No.
`scan_until(pattern)` | Matched substring (anywhere) or `nil`. | Yes.
`skip(pattern)` | Matched leading substring size or `nil`. | Yes.
`skip_until(pattern)` | Position delta to end-of-matched-substring or `nil`. | Yes.
`unscan` | `self`. | No.

## Querying the Scanner

Each of these methods queries the scanner object without modifying it (details and examples at links)

Method | Returns
--- | ---
`beginning_of_line?` | `true` or `false`.
`charpos` | Character position.
`eos?` | `true` or `false`.
`fixed_anchor?` | `true` or `false`.
`inspect` | `String` representation of `self`.
`pos` | Byte position.
`rest` | Target substring.
`rest_size` | Size of target substring.
`string` | Stored string.

## Matching

`StringScanner` implements pattern matching via Ruby class Regexp, and its matching behaviors are the same as Ruby’s except for the fixed-anchor property.

### Matcher Methods

Each matcher method takes a single argument `pattern`, and attempts to find a matching substring in the target substring.

Method | Pattern Type | Matches Target Substring | Success Return | May Update Positions?
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
`check` | `Regexp` or `String`. | At beginning. | Matched substring. | No.
`check_until` | `Regexp` or `String`. | Anywhere. | Substring. | No.
`match?` | `Regexp` or `String`. | At beginning. | Match size. | No.
`exist?` | `Regexp` or `String`. | Anywhere. | Substring size. | No.
`scan` | `Regexp` or `String`. | At beginning. | Matched substring. | Yes.
`scan_until` | `Regexp` or `String`. | Anywhere. | Substring. | Yes.
`skip` | `Regexp` or `String`. | At beginning. | Match size. | Yes.
`skip_until` | `Regexp` or `String`. | Anywhere. | Substring size. | Yes.

Which matcher you choose will depend on:

- Where you want to find a match:

  - Only at the beginning of the target substring: `check`, `match?`, `scan`, `skip`.

  - Anywhere in the target substring: `check_until`, `exist?`, `scan_until`, `skip_until`.

- Whether you want to:

  - Traverse, by advancing the positions: `scan`, `scan_until`, `skip`, `skip_until`.

  - Keep the positions unchanged: `check`, `check_until`, `match?`, `exist?`.

- What you want for the return value:

  - The matched substring: `check`, `scan`.

  - The substring: `check_until`, `scan_until`.

  - The match size: `match?`, `skip`.

  - The substring size: `exist?`, `skip_until`.

### Match Values

The match values in a `StringScanner` object generally contain the results of the most recent attempted match.

Each match value may be thought of as:

- Clear: Initially, or after an unsuccessful match attempt: usually, `false`, `nil`, or `{}`.

- Set: After a successful match attempt: `true`, string, array, or hash.

Each of these methods clears match values:

- `::new(string)`.

- `reset`.

- `terminate`.

Each of these methods attempts a match based on a pattern, and either sets match values (if successful) or clears them (if not);

- `check(pattern)`

- `check_until(pattern)`

- `exist?(pattern)`

- `match?(pattern)`

- `scan(pattern)`

- `scan_until(pattern)`

- `skip(pattern)`

- `skip_until(pattern)`

#### Basic Match Values

Basic match values are those not related to captures.

Each of these methods returns a basic match value:

Method | Return After Match | Return After No Match
--- | --- | ---
`matched?` | `true`. | `false`.
`matched_size` | Size of matched substring. | `nil`.
`matched` | Matched substring. | `nil`.
`pre_match` | Substring preceding matched substring. | `nil`.
`post_match` | Substring following matched substring. | `nil`.

See examples below.

#### Captured Match Values

Captured match values are those related to captures.

Each of these methods returns a captured match value:

Method | Return After Match | Return After No Match
--- | --- | ---
`size` | Count of captured substrings. | `nil`.
`[](n)` | `n`th captured substring. | `nil`.
`captures` | `Array` of all captured substrings. | `nil`.
`values_at(*n)` | `Array` of specified captured substrings. | `nil`.
`named_captures` | `Hash` of named captures. | `{}`.

See examples below.

#### Match Values Examples

Successful basic match attempt (no captures):

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.exist?(/bar/)
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "foo"
    #   matched  :      "bar"
    #   post_match:     "baz"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["bar", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "bar"
    #     [1]:          nil

Failed basic match attempt (no captures);

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.exist?(/nope/)
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

Successful unnamed capture match attempt:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbazbatbam')
    scanner.exist?(/(foo)bar(baz)bat(bam)/)
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   15
    #   pre_match:      ""
    #   matched  :      "foobarbazbatbam"
    #   post_match:     ""
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           4
    #   captures:       ["foo", "baz", "bam"]
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["foobarbazbatbam", "foo", "baz", "bam", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "foobarbazbatbam"
    #     [1]:          "foo"
    #     [2]:          "baz"
    #     [3]:          "bam"
    #     [4]:          nil

Successful named capture match attempt; same as unnamed above, except for `named_captures`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbazbatbam')
    scanner.exist?(/(?<x>foo)bar(?<y>baz)bat(?<z>bam)/)
    scanner.named_captures # => {"x"=>"foo", "y"=>"baz", "z"=>"bam"}

Failed unnamed capture match attempt:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('somestring')
    scanner.exist?(/(foo)bar(baz)bat(bam)/)
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

Failed named capture match attempt; same as unnamed above, except for `named_captures`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('somestring')
    scanner.exist?(/(?<x>foo)bar(?<y>baz)bat(?<z>bam)/)
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => false
    scanner.named_captures # => {"x"=>nil, "y"=>nil, "z"=>nil}

## Fixed-Anchor Property

Pattern matching in `StringScanner` is the same as in Ruby’s, except for its fixed-anchor property, which determines the meaning of `'\A'`:

- `false` (the default): matches the current byte position.

      scanner = StringScanner.new('foobar')
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "f"
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "o"
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "o"
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "b"

- `true`: matches the beginning of the target substring; never matches unless the byte position is zero:

      scanner = StringScanner.new('foobar', fixed_anchor: true)
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "f"
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => nil
      scanner.reset
      scanner.scan(/\A./) # => "f"

The fixed-anchor property is set when the `StringScanner` object is created, and may not be modified (see `StringScanner.new`); method `fixed_anchor?` returns the setting.

### Public Class Methods

new(string, fixed_anchor: false) → string_scanner
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_initialize(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        VALUE str, options;

        p = check_strscan(self);
        rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &str, &options);
        options = rb_check_hash_type(options);
        if (!NIL_P(options)) {
            VALUE fixed_anchor;
            ID keyword_ids[1];
            keyword_ids[0] = rb_intern("fixed_anchor");
            rb_get_kwargs(options, keyword_ids, 0, 1, &fixed_anchor);
            if (fixed_anchor == Qundef) {
                p->fixed_anchor_p = false;
            }
            else {
                p->fixed_anchor_p = RTEST(fixed_anchor);
            }
        }
        else {
            p->fixed_anchor_p = false;
        }
        StringValue(str);
        RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &p->str, str);

        return self;
    }

Returns a new `StringScanner` object whose stored string is the given `string`; sets the fixed-anchor property:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.string        # => "foobarbaz"
    scanner.fixed_anchor? # => false
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "foobarbaz"
    #   rest_size: 9

### Public Instance Methods

<<
Alias for: concat
[](specifier) → substring or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_aref(VALUE self, VALUE idx)
    {
        const char *name;
        struct strscanner *p;
        long i;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p))        return Qnil;

        switch (TYPE(idx)) {
            case T_SYMBOL:
                idx = rb_sym2str(idx);
                /* fall through */
            case T_STRING:
                RSTRING_GETMEM(idx, name, i);
                i = name_to_backref_number(&(p->regs), p->regex, name, name + i, rb_enc_get(idx));
                break;
            default:
                i = NUM2LONG(idx);
        }

        if (i < 0)
            i += p->regs.num_regs;
        if (i < 0)                 return Qnil;
        if (i >= p->regs.num_regs) return Qnil;
        if (p->regs.beg[i] == -1)  return Qnil;

        return extract_range(p,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[i]),
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[i]));
    }

Returns a captured substring or `nil`; see Captured Match Values.

When there are captures:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39')
    scanner.scan(/(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) /)

- `specifier` zero: returns the entire matched substring:

      scanner[0]         # => "Fri Dec 12 "
      scanner.pre_match  # => ""
      scanner.post_match # => "1975 14:39"

- `specifier` positive integer. returns the `n`th capture, or `nil` if out of range:

      scanner[1] # => "Fri"
      scanner[2] # => "Dec"
      scanner[3] # => "12"
      scanner[4] # => nil

- `specifier` negative integer. counts backward from the last subgroup:

      scanner[-1] # => "12"
      scanner[-4] # => "Fri Dec 12 "
      scanner[-5] # => nil

- `specifier` symbol or string. returns the named subgroup, or `nil` if no such:

      scanner[:wday]  # => "Fri"
      scanner['wday'] # => "Fri"
      scanner[:month] # => "Dec"
      scanner[:day]   # => "12"
      scanner[:nope]  # => nil

When there are no captures, only `[0]` returns non-`nil`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.exist?(/bar/)
    scanner[0] # => "bar"
    scanner[1] # => nil

For a failed match, even `[0]` returns `nil`:

    scanner.scan(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner[0]           # => nil
    scanner[1]           # => nil

beginning_of_line? → true or false
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_bol_p(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (CURPTR(p) > S_PEND(p)) return Qnil;
        if (p->curr == 0) return Qtrue;
        return (*(CURPTR(p) - 1) == '\n') ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
    }

Returns whether the position is at the beginning of a line; that is, at the beginning of the stored string or immediately after a newline:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(MULTILINE_TEXT)
    scanner.string
    # => "Go placidly amid the noise and haste,\nand remember what peace there may be in silence.\n"
    scanner.pos                # => 0
    scanner.beginning_of_line? # => true

    scanner.scan_until(/,/)    # => "Go placidly amid the noise and haste,"
    scanner.beginning_of_line? # => false

    scanner.scan(/\n/)         # => "\n"
    scanner.beginning_of_line? # => true

    scanner.terminate
    scanner.beginning_of_line? # => true

    scanner.concat('x')
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.beginning_of_line? # => false

StringScanner#bol? is an alias for `StringScanner#beginning_of_line?`.

captures → substring_array or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_captures(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        int   i, num_regs;
        VALUE new_ary;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p))        return Qnil;

        num_regs = p->regs.num_regs;
        new_ary  = rb_ary_new2(num_regs);

        for (i = 1; i < num_regs; i++) {
            VALUE str;
            if (p->regs.beg[i] == -1)
                str = Qnil;
            else
                str = extract_range(p,
                                    adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[i]),
                                    adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[i]));
            rb_ary_push(new_ary, str);
        }

        return new_ary;
    }

Returns the array of captured match values at indexes `(1..)` if the most recent match attempt succeeded, or `nil` otherwise:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39')
    scanner.captures         # => nil

    scanner.exist?(/(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) /)
    scanner.captures         # => ["Fri", "Dec", "12"]
    scanner.values_at(*0..4) # => ["Fri Dec 12 ", "Fri", "Dec", "12", nil]

    scanner.exist?(/Fri/)
    scanner.captures         # => []

    scanner.scan(/nope/)
    scanner.captures         # => nil

charpos ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_get_charpos(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);

        return LONG2NUM(rb_enc_strlen(S_PBEG(p), CURPTR(p), rb_enc_get(p->str)));
    }

call-seq: charpos -> character_position

Returns the character position (initially zero), which may be different from the byte position given by method `pos`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.getch  # => "こ" # 3-byte character.
    scanner.getch  # => "ん" # 3-byte character.
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       6
    #   charpos:   2
    #   rest:      "にちは"
    #   rest_size: 9

check(pattern) → matched_substring or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_check(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 0, 1, 1);
    }

Attempts to match the given `pattern` at the beginning of the target substring; does not modify the positions.

If the match succeeds:

- Returns the matched substring.

- Sets all match values.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.check('bar') # => "bar"
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "foo"
    #   matched  :      "bar"
    #   post_match:     "baz"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["bar", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "bar"
    #     [1]:          nil
    # => 0..1
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "barbaz"
    #   rest_size: 6

If the match fails:

- Returns `nil`.

- Clears all match values.

    scanner.check(/nope/)          # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

check_until(pattern) → substring or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_check_until(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 0, 1, 0);
    }

Attempts to match the given `pattern` anywhere (at any position) in the target substring; does not modify the positions.

If the match succeeds:

- Sets all match values.

- Returns the matched substring, which extends from the current position to the end of the matched substring.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbazbatbam')
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.check_until(/bat/) # => "bazbat"
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "foobarbaz"
    #   matched  :      "bat"
    #   post_match:     "bam"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["bat", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "bat"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       6
    #   charpos:   6
    #   rest:      "bazbatbam"
    #   rest_size: 9

If the match fails:

- Clears all match values.

- Returns `nil`.

    scanner.check_until(/nope/)    # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

concat(more_string) → self
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_concat(VALUE self, VALUE str)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        StringValue(str);
        rb_str_append(p->str, str);
        return self;
    }

- Appends the given `more_string` to the stored string.

- Returns `self`.

- Does not affect the positions or match values.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foo')
    scanner.string           # => "foo"
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.concat('barbaz') # => #<StringScanner 3/9 "foo" @ "barba...">
    scanner.string           # => "foobarbaz"
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "barbaz"
    #   rest_size: 6

Also aliased as: <<
eos? → true or false
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_eos_p(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        return EOS_P(p) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
    }

Returns whether the position is at the end of the stored string:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.eos? # => false
    pos = 3
    scanner.eos? # => false
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.eos? # => true

exist?(pattern) → byte_offset or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_exist_p(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 0, 0, 0);
    }

Attempts to match the given `pattern` anywhere (at any position) n the target substring; does not modify the positions.

If the match succeeds:

- Returns a byte offset: the distance in bytes between the current position and the end of the matched substring.

- Sets all match values.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbazbatbam')
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.exist?(/bat/) # => 6
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "foobarbaz"
    #   matched  :      "bat"
    #   post_match:     "bam"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["bat", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "bat"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       6
    #   charpos:   6
    #   rest:      "bazbatbam"
    #   rest_size: 9

If the match fails:

- Returns `nil`.

- Clears all match values.

    scanner.exist?(/nope/)         # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

fixed_anchor? → true or false
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_fixed_anchor_p(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        p = check_strscan(self);
        return p->fixed_anchor_p ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
    }

Returns whether the fixed-anchor property is set.

get_byte ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_get_byte(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        if (EOS_P(p))
            return Qnil;

        p->prev = p->curr;
        p->curr++;
        MATCHED(p);
        adjust_registers_to_matched(p);
        return extract_range(p,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[0]),
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[0]));
    }

call-seq: `get_byte` -> byte_as_character or nil

Returns the next byte, if available:

- If the position is not at the end of the stored string:

  - Returns the next byte.

  - Increments the byte position.

  - Adjusts the character position.

      scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
      # => #<StringScanner 0/15 @ "\xE3\x81\x93\xE3\x82...">
      scanner.string                                   # => "こんにちは"
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\xE3", 1, 1]
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x81", 2, 2]
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x93", 3, 1]
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\xE3", 4, 2]
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x82", 5, 3]
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x93", 6, 2]

- Otherwise, returns `nil`, and does not change the positions.

      scanner.terminate
      [scanner.get_byte, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => [nil, 15, 5]

getch ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_getch(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        long len;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        if (EOS_P(p))
            return Qnil;

        len = rb_enc_mbclen(CURPTR(p), S_PEND(p), rb_enc_get(p->str));
        len = minl(len, S_RESTLEN(p));
        p->prev = p->curr;
        p->curr += len;
        MATCHED(p);
        adjust_registers_to_matched(p);
        return extract_range(p,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[0]),
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[0]));
    }

call-seq: getch -> character or nil

Returns the next (possibly multibyte) character, if available:

- If the position is at the beginning of a character:

  - Returns the character.

  - Increments the character position by 1.

  - Increments the byte position by the size (in bytes) of the character.

      scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
      scanner.string                                # => "こんにちは"
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["こ", 3, 1]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["ん", 6, 2]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["に", 9, 3]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["ち", 12, 4]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["は", 15, 5]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => [nil, 15, 5]

- If the position is within a multi-byte character (that is, not at its beginning), behaves like `get_byte` (returns a 1-byte character):

      scanner.pos = 1
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x81", 2, 2]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["\x93", 3, 1]
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => ["ん", 6, 2]

- If the position is at the end of the stored string, returns `nil` and does not modify the positions:

      scanner.terminate
      [scanner.getch, scanner.pos, scanner.charpos] # => [nil, 15, 5]

inspect → string
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_inspect(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        VALUE a, b;

        p = check_strscan(self);
        if (NIL_P(p->str)) {
            a = rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" (uninitialized)>", rb_obj_class(self));
            return a;
        }
        if (EOS_P(p)) {
            a = rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" fin>", rb_obj_class(self));
            return a;
        }
        if (p->curr == 0) {
            b = inspect2(p);
            a = rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" %ld/%ld @ %"PRIsVALUE">",
                           rb_obj_class(self),
                           p->curr, S_LEN(p),
                           b);
            return a;
        }
        a = inspect1(p);
        b = inspect2(p);
        a = rb_sprintf("#<%"PRIsVALUE" %ld/%ld %"PRIsVALUE" @ %"PRIsVALUE">",
                       rb_obj_class(self),
                       p->curr, S_LEN(p),
                       a, b);
        return a;
    }

Returns a string representation of `self` that may show:

1. The current position.

2. The size (in bytes) of the stored string.

3. The substring preceding the current position.

4. The substring following the current position (which is also the target substring).

    scanner = StringScanner.new("Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39")
    scanner.pos = 11
    scanner.inspect # => "#<StringScanner 11/21 \"...c 12 \" @ \"1975 ...\">"

If at beginning-of-string, item 4 above (following substring) is omitted:

    scanner.reset
    scanner.inspect # => "#<StringScanner 0/21 @ \"Fri D...\">"

If at end-of-string, all items above are omitted:

    scanner.terminate
    scanner.inspect # => "#<StringScanner fin>"

match?(pattern) → updated_position or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_match_p(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 0, 0, 1);
    }

Attempts to match the given `pattern` at the beginning of the target substring; does not modify the positions.

If the match succeeds:

- Sets match values.

- Returns the size in bytes of the matched substring.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.match?(/bar/) => 3
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "foo"
    #   matched  :      "bar"
    #   post_match:     "baz"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["bar", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "bar"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "barbaz"
    #   rest_size: 6

If the match fails:

- Clears match values.

- Returns `nil`.

- Does not increment positions.

    scanner.match?(/nope/)         # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

matched → matched_substring or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_matched(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p)) return Qnil;
        return extract_range(p,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[0]),
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[0]));
    }

Returns the matched substring from the most recent match attempt if it was successful, or `nil` otherwise; see Basic Matched Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.matched        # => nil
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.match?(/bar/)  # => 3
    scanner.matched        # => "bar"
    scanner.match?(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner.matched        # => nil

matched? → true or false
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_matched_p(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        return MATCHED_P(p) ? Qtrue : Qfalse;
    }

Returns `true` of the most recent match attempt was successful, `false` otherwise; see Basic Matched Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.matched?       # => false
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.exist?(/baz/)  # => 6
    scanner.matched?       # => true
    scanner.exist?(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner.matched?       # => false

matched_size → substring_size or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_matched_size(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p)) return Qnil;
        return LONG2NUM(p->regs.end[0] - p->regs.beg[0]);
    }

Returns the size (in bytes) of the matched substring from the most recent match match attempt if it was successful, or `nil` otherwise; see Basic Matched Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.matched_size   # => nil

    pos = 3
    scanner.exist?(/baz/)  # => 9
    scanner.matched_size   # => 3

    scanner.exist?(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner.matched_size   # => nil

named_captures → hash
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_named_captures(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        named_captures_data data;
        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        data.self = self;
        data.captures = rb_hash_new();
        if (!RB_NIL_P(p->regex)) {
            onig_foreach_name(RREGEXP_PTR(p->regex), named_captures_iter, &data);
        }

        return data.captures;
    }

Returns the array of captured match values at indexes (1..) if the most recent match attempt succeeded, or nil otherwise; see Captured Match Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39')
    scanner.named_captures # => {}

    pattern = /(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) /
    scanner.match?(pattern)
    scanner.named_captures # => {"wday"=>"Fri", "month"=>"Dec", "day"=>"12"}

    scanner.string = 'nope'
    scanner.match?(pattern)
    scanner.named_captures # => {"wday"=>nil, "month"=>nil, "day"=>nil}

    scanner.match?(/nosuch/)
    scanner.named_captures # => {}

peek(length) → substring
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_peek(VALUE self, VALUE vlen)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        long len;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);

        len = NUM2LONG(vlen);
        if (EOS_P(p))
            return str_new(p, "", 0);

        len = minl(len, S_RESTLEN(p));
        return extract_beg_len(p, p->curr, len);
    }

Returns the substring `string[pos, length]`; does not update match values or positions:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.peek(3)   # => "bar"
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.peek(3)   # => ""

peek_byte ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_peek_byte(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (EOS_P(p))
            return Qnil;

        return INT2FIX((unsigned char)*CURPTR(p));
    }

Peeks at the current byte and returns it as an integer.

    s = StringScanner.new('ab')
    s.peek_byte         # => 97

pointer ()

call-seq: pos -> byte_position

Returns the integer byte position, which may be different from the character position:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string  # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos     # => 0
    scanner.getch   # => "こ" # 3-byte character.
    scanner.charpos # => 1
    scanner.pos     # => 3

Alias for: pos
pointer= (p1)

call-seq: pos = n -> n pointer = n -> n

Sets the byte position and the character position; returns `n`.

Does not affect match values.

For non-negative `n`, sets the position to `n`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string  # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 3 # => 3
    scanner.rest    # => "んにちは"
    scanner.charpos # => 1

For negative `n`, counts from the end of the stored string:

    scanner.pos = -9 # => -9
    scanner.pos      # => 6
    scanner.rest     # => "にちは"
    scanner.charpos  # => 2

Alias for: pos=
pos ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_get_pos(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        return LONG2NUM(p->curr);
    }

call-seq: pos -> byte_position

Returns the integer byte position, which may be different from the character position:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string  # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos     # => 0
    scanner.getch   # => "こ" # 3-byte character.
    scanner.charpos # => 1
    scanner.pos     # => 3

Also aliased as: pointer
pos= (p1)
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_set_pos(VALUE self, VALUE v)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        long i;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        i = NUM2LONG(v);
        if (i < 0) i += S_LEN(p);
        if (i < 0) rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "index out of range");
        if (i > S_LEN(p)) rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "index out of range");
        p->curr = i;
        return LONG2NUM(i);
    }

call-seq: pos = n -> n pointer = n -> n

Sets the byte position and the character position; returns `n`.

Does not affect match values.

For non-negative `n`, sets the position to `n`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string  # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 3 # => 3
    scanner.rest    # => "んにちは"
    scanner.charpos # => 1

For negative `n`, counts from the end of the stored string:

    scanner.pos = -9 # => -9
    scanner.pos      # => 6
    scanner.rest     # => "にちは"
    scanner.charpos  # => 2

Also aliased as: pointer=
post_match → substring
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_post_match(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p)) return Qnil;
        return extract_range(p,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.end[0]),
                             S_LEN(p));
    }

Returns the substring that follows the matched substring from the most recent match attempt if it was successful, or `nil` otherwise; see Basic Match Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.post_match     # => nil

    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.match?(/bar/)  # => 3
    scanner.post_match     # => "baz"

    scanner.match?(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner.post_match     # => nil

pre_match → substring
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_pre_match(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p)) return Qnil;
        return extract_range(p,
                             0,
                             adjust_register_position(p, p->regs.beg[0]));
    }

Returns the substring that precedes the matched substring from the most recent match attempt if it was successful, or `nil` otherwise; see Basic Match Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.pre_match      # => nil

    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.exist?(/baz/)  # => 6
    scanner.pre_match      # => "foobar" # Substring of entire string, not just target string.

    scanner.exist?(/nope/) # => nil
    scanner.pre_match      # => nil

reset → self
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_reset(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        p->curr = 0;
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        return self;
    }

Sets both byte position and character position to zero, and clears match values; returns `self`:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.exist?(/bar/)          # => 6
    scanner.reset                  # => #<StringScanner 0/9 @ "fooba...">
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "foobarbaz"
    #   rest_size: 9
    # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

rest → target_substring
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_rest(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (EOS_P(p)) {
            return str_new(p, "", 0);
        }
        return extract_range(p, p->curr, S_LEN(p));
    }

Returns the ‘rest’ of the stored string (all after the current position), which is the target substring:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.rest # => "foobarbaz"
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.rest # => "barbaz"
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.rest # => ""

rest_size → integer
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_rest_size(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        long i;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (EOS_P(p)) {
            return INT2FIX(0);
        }
        i = S_RESTLEN(p);
        return INT2FIX(i);
    }

Returns the size (in bytes) of the `rest` of the stored string:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.rest      # => "foobarbaz"
    scanner.rest_size # => 9
    scanner.pos = 3
    scanner.rest      # => "barbaz"
    scanner.rest_size # => 6
    scanner.terminate
    scanner.rest      # => ""
    scanner.rest_size # => 0

scan (p1)
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_scan(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 1, 1, 1);
    }

call-seq: scan(pattern) -> substring or nil

Attempts to match the given `pattern` at the beginning of the target substring.

If the match succeeds:

- Returns the matched substring.

- Increments the byte position by `substring.bytesize`, and may increment the character position.

- Sets match values.

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string     # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.scan(/に/) # => "に"
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "こん"
    #   matched  :      "に"
    #   post_match:     "ちは"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["に", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "に"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       9
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "ちは"
    #   rest_size: 6

If the match fails:

- Returns `nil`.

- Does not increment byte and character positions.

- Clears match values.

    scanner.scan(/nope/)           # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

scan_byte → integer_byte
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_scan_byte(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        VALUE byte;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        if (EOS_P(p))
            return Qnil;

        byte = INT2FIX((unsigned char)*CURPTR(p));
        p->prev = p->curr;
        p->curr++;
        MATCHED(p);
        adjust_registers_to_matched(p);
        return byte;
    }

Scans one byte and returns it as an integer. This method is not multibyte character sensitive. See also: `getch`.

scan_integer(base: 10)
Source

    # File ext/strscan/lib/strscan/strscan.rb, line 15
    def scan_integer(base: 10)
      case base
      when 10
        scan_base10_integer
      when 16
        scan_base16_integer
      else
        raise ArgumentError, "Unsupported integer base: #{base.inspect}, expected 10 or 16"
      end
    end

If ‘base` isn’t provided or is ‘10`, then it is equivalent to calling `#scan` with a `[+-]?d+` pattern, and returns an `Integer` or nil.

If ‘base` is `16`, then it is equivalent to calling `#scan` with a `[+-]?(0x)?+` pattern, and returns an `Integer` or nil.

The scanned string must be encoded with an ASCII compatible encoding, otherwise `Encoding::CompatibilityError` will be raised.

scan_until (p1)
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_scan_until(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 1, 1, 0);
    }

call-seq: `scan_until`(pattern) -> substring or nil

Attempts to match the given `pattern` anywhere (at any position) in the target substring.

If the match attempt succeeds:

- Sets match values.

- Sets the byte position to the end of the matched substring; may adjust the character position.

- Returns the matched substring.

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string           # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.scan_until(/ち/) # => "にち"
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "こんに"
    #   matched  :      "ち"
    #   post_match:     "は"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["ち", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "ち"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       12
    #   charpos:   4
    #   rest:      "は"
    #   rest_size: 3

If the match attempt fails:

- Clears match data.

- Returns `nil`.

- Does not update positions.

    scanner.scan_until(/nope/)     # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

size → captures_count
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_size(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p))        return Qnil;
        return INT2FIX(p->regs.num_regs);
    }

Returns the count of captures if the most recent match attempt succeeded, `nil` otherwise; see Captures Match Values:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39')
    scanner.size                        # => nil

    pattern = /(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) /
    scanner.match?(pattern)
    scanner.values_at(*0..scanner.size) # => ["Fri Dec 12 ", "Fri", "Dec", "12", nil]
    scanner.size                        # => 4

    scanner.match?(/nope/)              # => nil
    scanner.size                        # => nil

skip (p1)
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_skip(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 1, 0, 1);
    }

call-seq: skip(pattern) match_size or nil

Attempts to match the given `pattern` at the beginning of the target substring;

If the match succeeds:

- Increments the byte position by substring.bytesize, and may increment the character position.

- Sets match values.

- Returns the size (bytes) of the matched substring.

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string                  # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.skip(/に/)              # => 3
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "こん"
    #   matched  :      "に"
    #   post_match:     "ちは"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["に", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "に"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       9
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "ちは"
    #   rest_size: 6

    scanner.skip(/nope/)            # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner)  # => true

skip_until (p1)
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_skip_until(VALUE self, VALUE re)
    {
        return strscan_do_scan(self, re, 1, 0, 0);
    }

call-seq: `skip_until`(pattern) -> matched_substring_size or nil

Attempts to match the given `pattern` anywhere (at any position) in the target substring; does not modify the positions.

If the match attempt succeeds:

- Sets match values.

- Returns the size of the matched substring.

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string           # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.pos = 6
    scanner.skip_until(/ち/) # => 6
    put_match_values(scanner)
    # Basic match values:
    #   matched?:       true
    #   matched_size:   3
    #   pre_match:      "こんに"
    #   matched  :      "ち"
    #   post_match:     "は"
    # Captured match values:
    #   size:           1
    #   captures:       []
    #   named_captures: {}
    #   values_at:      ["ち", nil]
    #   []:
    #     [0]:          "ち"
    #     [1]:          nil
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       12
    #   charpos:   4
    #   rest:      "は"
    #   rest_size: 3

If the match attempt fails:

- Clears match values.

- Returns `nil`.

    scanner.skip_until(/nope/)     # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

string → stored_string
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_get_string(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        return p->str;
    }

Returns the stored string:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobar')
    scanner.string # => "foobar"
    scanner.concat('baz')
    scanner.string # => "foobarbaz"

string = other_string → other_string
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_set_string(VALUE self, VALUE str)
    {
        struct strscanner *p = check_strscan(self);

        StringValue(str);
        RB_OBJ_WRITE(self, &p->str, str);
        p->curr = 0;
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        return str;
    }

Replaces the stored string with the given `other_string`:

- Sets both positions to zero.

- Clears match values.

- Returns `other_string`.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobar')
    scanner.scan(/foo/)
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "bar"
    #   rest_size: 3
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => false

    scanner.string = 'baz'         # => "baz"
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "baz"
    #   rest_size: 3
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

terminate ()
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_terminate(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        p->curr = S_LEN(p);
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        return self;
    }

call-seq: terminate -> self

Sets the scanner to end-of-string; returns `self`:

- Sets both positions to end-of-stream.

- Clears match values.

    scanner = StringScanner.new(HIRAGANA_TEXT)
    scanner.string                 # => "こんにちは"
    scanner.scan_until(/に/)
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       9
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "ちは"
    #   rest_size: 6
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => false

    scanner.terminate              # => #<StringScanner fin>
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       15
    #   charpos:   5
    #   rest:      ""
    #   rest_size: 0
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true

unscan → self
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_unscan(VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p))
            rb_raise(ScanError, "unscan failed: previous match record not exist");
        p->curr = p->prev;
        CLEAR_MATCH_STATUS(p);
        return self;
    }

Sets the position to its value previous to the recent successful match attempt:

    scanner = StringScanner.new('foobarbaz')
    scanner.scan(/foo/)
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       3
    #   charpos:   3
    #   rest:      "barbaz"
    #   rest_size: 6
    scanner.unscan
    # => #<StringScanner 0/9 @ "fooba...">
    put_situation(scanner)
    # Situation:
    #   pos:       0
    #   charpos:   0
    #   rest:      "foobarbaz"
    #   rest_size: 9

Raises an exception if match values are clear:

    scanner.scan(/nope/)           # => nil
    match_values_cleared?(scanner) # => true
    scanner.unscan                 # Raises StringScanner::Error.

values_at(*specifiers) → array_of_captures or nil
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_values_at(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
    {
        struct strscanner *p;
        long i;
        VALUE new_ary;

        GET_SCANNER(self, p);
        if (! MATCHED_P(p))        return Qnil;

        new_ary = rb_ary_new2(argc);
        for (i = 0; i<argc; i++) {
            rb_ary_push(new_ary, strscan_aref(self, argv[i]));
        }

        return new_ary;
    }

Returns an array of captured substrings, or `nil` of none.

For each `specifier`, the returned substring is `[specifier]`; see `[]`.

    scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39')
    pattern = /(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) /
    scanner.match?(pattern)
    scanner.values_at(*0..3)               # => ["Fri Dec 12 ", "Fri", "Dec", "12"]
    scanner.values_at(*%i[wday month day]) # => ["Fri", "Dec", "12"]

### Private Instance Methods

dup → shallow_copy
Source

    static VALUE
    strscan_init_copy(VALUE vself, VALUE vorig)
    {
        struct strscanner *self, *orig;

        self = check_strscan(vself);
        orig = check_strscan(vorig);
        if (self != orig) {
            self->flags = orig->flags;
            RB_OBJ_WRITE(vself, &self->str, orig->str);
            self->prev = orig->prev;
            self->curr = orig->curr;
            if (rb_reg_region_copy(&self->regs, &orig->regs))
                rb_memerror();
            RB_GC_GUARD(vorig);
        }

        return vself;
    }

Returns a shallow copy of `self`; the stored string in the copy is the same string as in `self`.